Le conseil des patients organise un cours sur la stigmatisation et les préjugés

Transcription

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I’m so happy to be back. So I’m going to go really practical here and talk about what we’ve done in the U.S. to try to address a bias. I previously disclosed my disclosures. Nous commençons donc par le niveau le plus élémentaire, à savoir l'éducation. Nous essayons d'éduquer le public et les personnes vivant avec l'obésité sur les préjugés. Nous utilisons des brochures et des guides traditionnels ainsi que des informations destinées aux médias pour les aider à mieux comprendre comment représenter les personnes vivant avec l'obésité. And this really comes from our observation of doing this now for more than a decade that most people who engage in bias aren’t doing it because they’re intentionally trying to be cruel. They’re doing it because they don’t understand. They lack the knowledge of what they’re doing. It is unintentional. It’s ignorance. And so we start from that place. We don’t immediately jump to the assumption that someone is doing or engaging in these kind of activities out of a decision to be malicious or be cruel. And that’s helped us in most cases. I would say if I had to estimate those numbers, it’s 80 percent ignorance and 20 percent cruelty, depending on the situation. But most of the people that I’ve had to engage with or even call them out on their bias, by the time I’m done with the conversation, it is usually because of their ignorance, not because of cruelty. Though if you’ve ever read the message boards after an article about obesity on the Internet or something along those lines, I think you will find the people that we call trolls that engage in that kind of cruelty. We’ve also done a lot of work with education of health care providers, and we already heard already about the influence that they have on people with obesity. And I wanted to point out this one project to you, and this is a competency project. So I already heard Mary mention competencies already in her presentation just a second ago. And in the U.S., we’ve actually developed a competency list for health care professionals. Il s'agit donc de guider le groupe de professionnels de la santé, quel qu'il soit, dans l'élaboration de sa formation et de sa certification. Je tiens à souligner qu'il n'y a que dix compétences, mais que deux d'entre elles, énumérées ici, sont liées aux préjugés. Je pense donc qu'il est assez impressionnant de voir la communauté des soins de santé des États-Unis mettre ces compétences en place, et c'est un excellent projet. We can forward the references there if you want to track it down and download it. The other thing we do, of course, is have to educate our policy makers. And what’s not depicted on here is the primary way we do that is actually bring forward people who live with obesity and actually take them to state capitals or to the U.S. capital in Washington, D.C. to actually meet legislators. Because when you humanize this condition and you actually show people, these are real people we’re talking about, not statistics, it makes a meaningful difference. But we’ve also done it in other ways. And in fact, just like the public, our policy makers respond to advertising campaigns. And so we’ve done a variety of them in the U.S., whether it’s ads in airports, major airports in D.C. So how it works when you’re an elected official in Washington, D.C., is that you fly in Tuesday morning and usually fly out Thursday night. Our legislators only work Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Monday, Friday, and the weekend. They’re supposed to be in the home district. So we try to hit them when they’re in the airport. And then there are actually newspapers that are specifically for legislators, a role called Politico, among others. And we run advertisements in those as well. And really the thought process here is, just like Aria talked to us about, about the complexity of obesity, is we actually try to convince our elected officials that obesity is complicated. And we do that because we recognize that you’re actually less likely to engage in stigma if you understand obesity is complicated. And so it’s a starting point. Il est évident que nous voulons aller beaucoup plus loin avec nos élus, mais un bon point de départ pour eux est de les convaincre que l'obésité est compliquée, tout comme la stigmatisation de l'obésité est compliquée elle aussi. J'ai déjà mentionné les médias et je m'en prends souvent à eux. J'aurai l'occasion de le faire à nouveau jeudi, lorsque j'animerai une classe de maître avec des membres des médias ici présents. Mais je vais parler positivement d'eux pendant une seconde parce que nous les considérons parfois comme des alliés. Voici quelques exemples récents qui ont fait la une des journaux. L'idée que le blâme et la honte font partie du problème commence à se répandre dans les médias. And so while we’ve often seen them as our enemy and the purveyors of stigma and bias, they are at times now moving forward and making a difference in our efforts moving forward. The other thing that we’ve actually done that we found really powerful is actually to give people a way to report bias. So we actually have a weight bias reporting tool on the Obesity Action Coalition’s website. And it’s pretty remarkable the kind of stories we receive from this. Now we haven’t published the data yet, though we will in the future. But I will tell you that 90% of the reports of bias that we receive are from people who talk about being stigmatized by a health care provider. Cela nous permet de cibler les domaines dans lesquels il est important que nous travaillions pour aller de l'avant. Ensuite, nous avons un groupe de travail. Nous disposons d'un groupe de bénévoles qui examinent les problèmes signalés et offrent des conseils à la personne qui les a signalés. So maybe they’re writing to us about a bad experience with a health care provider, or maybe they’re writing to us about an advertising campaign they weren’t comfortable with. And we would actually then turn around and respond to those issues as an organization. You know, one of the things that we emphasize the most is appropriate imagery. And we’ve probably seen, actually we’ve seen a couple of these images in the slides here. But OAC, along with many others throughout the world, actually have produced appropriate image galleries. How we depict people with obesity, you know, the fact that almost always they’re headless, and they’re always slovenly dressed, and they’re always eating poor quality foods, that has to change. And so we’ve actually created a data bank of photos for people to use. And we slowly are seeing adoption of these images. We see it much higher among our health care provider friends giving their presentations. Hopefully the media will buy into them soon as well, especially since they’re free for them to use. The other thing we’ve spent a lot of time around is language, and trying to convince people to adopt what we call people-first language when it comes to obesity. So you will not hear me, unless I’m quoting someone, use the word obese. Okay, because we don’t say someone’s cancerous. We say they have cancer, right? So people have obesity, they’re not obese. And I think this is important. And I will tell you that in addition to the American Medical Association recognizing obesity as a disease a number of years ago, just two years ago, they recognized the fact that people-first language should be used for obesity. It’s kind of sad they had to do a separate resolution for that, because their existing resolution said that all diseases should be referred to in a people-first way, or a person-first way. But they did, and at least in our mind, a little bit of progress since he’s here today. We’ll quote Ted right here, and you said it so very well. Obese is an identity, obesity is a disease. By addressing the disease separately from the person and doing so consistently, we can pursue this disease while fully respecting the people affected. And that’s an important quote, and thanks, Ted, for sharing that. The other thing, of course, OAC is known for is our activism. And so I just want to talk to you a little bit about what we’ve done activism-wise, and these are some of the issues we’ve taken on. Yes, those are all real things. There are Facebook pages that talk about fat kids being easier to kidnap and things along those lines. The reality is what’s out there is pretty horrible. Je peux vous dire que, de notre point de vue, l'activisme est la principale préoccupation des membres de la CAO. Et nous utilisons toutes sortes de moyens pour y parvenir. Vous les voyez ici. And our process almost always starts polite. A nice letter saying, hey, you’re doing this wrong. But we do get not so nice, if need be, moving forward. And we’ve used this technique pretty successfully. I will tell you one thing to keep in mind, that not everyone thinks of bias the same way. So what I consider bias, you may not, and vice versa. And that definition has been a challenge for one of our working committees who works on this to actually say, is this bias or is it not bias? It’s not always 100% black and white. I will tell you that in the U.S., our health care providers have been a key champion in addressing bias. I already mentioned the AMA. However, we have to stay on top of them. So all of our health-related organizations in obesity say, we’re going to use people first language. And then I go to their meetings and maybe 20%, look at their journals, maybe 30%. C'est donc un peu un processus d'apprentissage. Mais j'admets qu'il m'a fallu deux ans pour sortir ce langage de mon propre vocabulaire. Les discussions sur la honte des graisses sont certainement plus courantes. And those aren’t always about obesity, and that difference is sometimes challenging. And then I think I need to acknowledge, in the U.S., we don’t have a great relationship with our partners in the size acceptance movement. However, they’ve played a role in this space, and I think there’s things to learn. So when I went to Amanda’s meeting in Canada, we learned much more. And I will just say that we see bias improving. So this is the data that Ted showed you from around the world. Il s'agit de données spécifiques aux États-Unis. Nous constatons une réduction de la culpabilisation de l'obésité. Et nous constatons une augmentation, les lignes pointillées rouges, de la reconnaissance de l'obésité en tant que maladie. Nous progressons donc grâce à ces efforts, lentement mais sûrement. Je vous remercie de votre attention. Je vous remercie de votre attention. Je vous remercie. Je vous remercie. Je vous remercie. Je vous remercie. Je vous remercie.